The TPMT (Thiopurine Methyl Transferase) Genotyping test is a genetic test used to detect variations in the TPMT gene, which influences how the body metabolizes thiopurine medications such as azathioprine, mercaptopurine, and thioguanine.
Individuals with reduced or absent TPMT enzyme activity are at higher risk of severe drug toxicity, including bone marrow suppression, when treated with standard doses of these medications.
This test helps clinicians personalize treatment by adjusting drug dosage or selecting alternative therapies, improving safety and effectiveness. It is commonly performed before initiating thiopurine therapy in conditions such as autoimmune diseases, organ transplantation, and certain cancers.