GLYCOSYLATED HAEMOGLOBIN (HBA1C) Test

The Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) test measures the percentage of haemoglobin in red blood cells that has glucose attached to it. Because red blood cells typically circulate for around 2–3 months, HbA1c provides an estimate of average blood glucose levels over the previous 2–3 months.

The test is widely used for screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of diabetes and prediabetes. For people already diagnosed with diabetes, regular HbA1c testing can help healthcare providers assess long-term blood sugar control and determine whether the current treatment plan is working effectively.

Unlike a fasting blood glucose test, HbA1c generally does not require fasting. However, certain conditions that affect red blood cells or haemoglobin can influence HbA1c results, so your healthcare provider may consider other glucose tests when appropriate.

Test Recommended for Individuals:

• Individuals being screened for diabetes or prediabetes
• People with risk factors for type 2 diabetes
• Individuals with a family history of diabetes
• People who are overweight or physically inactive
• Patients diagnosed with diabetes who need regular glucose monitoring
• Individuals monitoring their response to diabetes treatment
• People advised by their healthcare provider to assess long-term blood sugar control

FAQs

1. What does the HbA1c test measure?
The HbA1c test measures the percentage of glycated haemoglobin in the blood and reflects average blood glucose levels over approximately the previous 2–3 months.

2. Do I need to fast before an HbA1c test?
Generally, fasting is not required for an HbA1c test. You can usually have the test at any time of the day. However, if other blood tests are ordered along with HbA1c, fasting may be required depending on those tests.

3. How often should HbA1c be tested?
The frequency depends on your health status and treatment plan. People with diabetes may need HbA1c testing several times a year, while individuals being screened for diabetes may be tested based on their risk factors and healthcare provider’s recommendation.