Immunohistochemistry

This Test is a specialized laboratory technique used to identify specific proteins (antigens) in tissue samples using targeted antibodies. It is commonly performed on biopsy or surgical specimens.

This test plays a crucial role in diagnosing various types of cancers, determining tumor type, and identifying specific markers that guide targeted therapy.

The purpose of this test is to:

• Detect specific proteins in tissue samples
• Diagnose and classify cancers
• Identify tumor markers for targeted therapy
• Support accurate diagnosis and treatment planning

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY Test

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a laboratory technique used to identify specific proteins, receptors, or other markers in tissue cells. It is commonly performed on a tissue or biopsy sample using antibodies that bind to particular markers. A chemical or staining system then makes these markers visible under a microscope.

IHC plays an important role in cancer diagnosis and classification. It can help pathologists determine the type and origin of a tumor, distinguish between similar-looking cancers, and identify markers that may influence treatment decisions.

For example, IHC may be used to assess markers such as ER, PR, HER2, and other tumor-specific proteins, depending on the suspected disease. The exact markers tested are selected based on the patient's tissue findings and clinical requirements.

IHC results are interpreted together with the biopsy findings, microscopic examination, medical history, imaging, and other laboratory tests. An IHC test is therefore not a single universal test; the markers performed depend on the clinical question.

This Test is Recommended for Individuals:

• Individuals whose biopsy or tissue sample requires further evaluation
• Patients with suspected or confirmed cancer
• Individuals requiring identification of the origin or type of a tumor
• Patients whose cancer classification requires additional molecular or protein markers
• Individuals undergoing assessment of treatment-related biomarkers
• Patients requiring evaluation of markers such as ER, PR, HER2 when clinically indicated
• People with tumors that cannot be fully classified through routine histopathology alone

FAQs

1. What does an Immunohistochemistry test detect?
IHC detects specific proteins or markers within tissue cells using antibodies. The markers identified can help determine the type, origin, or characteristics of a tumor.

2. Is IHC the same as a biopsy?
No. A biopsy collects tissue for examination, while IHC is a specialized laboratory technique that may be performed on the biopsy tissue to identify specific markers.

3. Why is IHC important in cancer diagnosis?
IHC can help pathologists classify tumors, determine their likely origin, and identify biomarkers that may help guide treatment decisions. The specific IHC markers required depend on the type of tumor and the clinical question.