Hepatitis B Surface Antigen - HBsAg (ELISA)

HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN - HBSAG (ELISA) test

The Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) – ELISA test detects the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) in a blood sample. HBsAg is one of the primary markers used to identify a current hepatitis B infection.

The test is commonly used for hepatitis B screening and diagnosis, especially when there has been possible exposure to HBV or when symptoms or abnormal liver function tests raise concerns about infection. It is also an important screening test during pregnancy to identify mothers who may have HBV infection and help reduce the risk of transmission to the newborn.

A positive HBsAg result generally suggests a current HBV infection, but it does not by itself determine whether the infection is acute or chronic. Additional tests such as Anti-HBc IgM, Anti-HBs, HBeAg, and HBV DNA may be recommended for complete evaluation.

Tests Recommended for Individuals:

• Individuals undergoing routine hepatitis B screening
• People with a recent or suspected exposure to HBV
• Individuals with risk factors for hepatitis B infection
• Pregnant women as part of recommended antenatal screening
• People with unexplained elevation of liver enzymes
• Individuals experiencing symptoms that may suggest hepatitis
• Patients with a previous diagnosis of hepatitis B who require evaluation
• Individuals advised by their healthcare provider to undergo HBV screening

FAQs

1. What does the HBsAg ELISA test detect?
The HBsAg ELISA test detects hepatitis B surface antigen in the blood. Its presence generally indicates that HBV infection is currently present.

2. What does a positive HBsAg result mean?
A positive result generally indicates a current hepatitis B infection. Additional testing may be needed to determine whether the infection is recent or chronic and to assess viral activity.

3. Is HBsAg testing important during pregnancy?
Yes. HBsAg screening is routinely recommended during pregnancy because identifying an HBV infection allows healthcare providers to take appropriate measures to reduce the risk of hepatitis B transmission from mother to baby.